Monday, 6 January 2014

Improving mobile UX: Two extremely common issues with mobile UIs

Mobile users are not the future. Mobile users are the present. This is why it is more important than ever to ensure that users on mobile devices are getting an experience that is comparable, if not better, than desktop users when they are accessing an online application or site. User experience (UX) can be affected by many factors, but the following are two examples of easily rectified issues with mobile user interfaces (UI) that I find the most often, both as a user and as a developer.
 

1. The relevant “type” attribute is missing on input fields.

This is one issue that is likely quicker and easier to fix than any other, yet it seems to be one I experience or find on an almost daily basis. With the introduction of HTML5, there are now a number new type attributes that can be used on input elements (which will acceptably default to the standard “text” in non-HTML5 browsers). One of the major benefits of these is letting a browser know what input to expect in this field and assisting users accordingly. One of the most common and useful, but often most forgotten, is the “tel” type. Let’s take a look at a very basic form that leverages the benefits of a few extra characters in your code. If you want to try an example yourself, w3schools provides a “try it” page.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <body>
        <form action="submit.html">
            <label for=”form-phone”> Please enter your phone number:</label>
            <input type="tel" size="20" name="phone" id=”form-phone”>
            <input type="submit">
        </form>
    </body>
</html>
The use of “tel” in the type attribute lets browsers know that this field expects the entry of a phone number. On mobile devices, no matter whether it is through browser delivery or a dedicated app utilizing HTML, this allows the device to present the user with a specific keyboard, or in this case, keypad. The same form, with and without the “tel” type set is shown below.

When using the 'text' typeWhen using the 'tel' type

The result is a significantly easier to use interface and a significantly happier user. When entering phone numbers on a mobile device such as a phone, the dedicated keypad layout is far more familiar and provides an improved user experience. It is especially important to consider forms. UX issues such as form abandonment are far more prevalent on mobile devices. Anything that can make it easier for a user to fill out your form and complete submission is extremely valuable, especially in cases such as shopping carts. A full list of the available type attributes can be found over on the w3schools page.

2. There were no mobile considerations in the initial design.

Perhaps this post should be named “My single most common issue with mobile UIs” because this is one that should really go without saying. However, it can be quite staggering to find that there are still many new or popular sites that when accessed on a mobile device do not present a “mobile friendly” version. In some other cases, the mobile version of the site does not seem well thought out or is difficult to use. This often stems from the fact that the initial designs were not drawn up with mobile users in mind. The result is a mobile version of a site that was developed as an afterthought, often with small bugs or usability issues (such as the telephone example above) not taken into consideration.

Considering that the use of the Internet on mobile devices will surpass conventional desktop use in 2014 (or in fact, has already occurred in some parts of the world), it is now more important than ever to consider user experience on mobile devices and make sure proper testing takes place. Gone are the days where we must consider desktop users as the majority, so when creating any design start by thinking mobile first.
These two issues are the ones that I seem to find the most frequently, but I will return to write about more.

Are there any areas of mobile UX you would like to know more about? Share  your thoughts with me on Twitter.


Matt Bearup, in addition to being a consultant at eBlueprint Pty. Ltd. AU, is proud to be an IBM Redbooks Thought Leader. Matt Bearup is an IBM Redbooks Thought Leader

Monday, 9 December 2013

I adapted to a responsive design; now my content doesn’t make sense

I love the rapid delivery you can get from utilizing the concept of responsive design. Being able to quickly deliver a consistent user experience across many different devices, including mobile, is invaluable. However, when I updated an existing IBM WebSphere Portal theme to use responsive design, I unexpectedly found user experience issues hiding in plain sight. All of a sudden, some of the existing content on the site didn’t make sense. In this post I want to share my lesson in the field so that you can be aware of one of the challenges of adapting a site for mobile.

How did the content become unclear? I didn’t change the content itself. I simply resized and repositioned some of the site’s elements, optimizing them to be viewed on mobile devices and displayed in browsers with lower resolutions.




The user might be pleased that the site now fits well on their mobile screen, but what happens when the user starts reading the content in its new and improved format? The text between the two paragraphs on the home page, “please use the menu on the right,” seems like a request that’s straightforward enough, but what about when you read this in the new format on a mobile device?

“Where’s the menu?” asked our tester.




By implementing a responsive and clean wrapping design, I had opted to stack the <div> for the content element and the <div> for the menu element on top of each other in the HTML document. No longer could we say “use the menu on the right” (because it’s not there for mobile users). But we also couldn’t replace the text with “use the menu below,” as the same content is always used regardless of width or device.
The solution was to reference the menu by its heading and add an anchored link, “Please use the Partner Sites menu.” This means that at desktop width a user instantly recognizes the menu, and clicking the link for any user will take them to the menu if it is currently off-screen.

It didn’t stop there. There were elements in the original design that relied on the mouse cursor hovering over elements to convey information. I had identified these elements and re-implemented them accordingly, since there is no concept of hovering on a touch-based mobile device (at least not in current wide use). Unfortunately, what we had overlooked is the multiple references in the site’s content asking users to “hover over the links to learn more.”
The time spent combing the site for these language-based changes almost took more time and effort than the addition of the responsive CSS and HTML itself.

What did I learn from this? The content is the most important part of any site. This often presents that largest challenge as it is generally managed by a completely separate process from projects like redesigns and will continue to change long after a design implementation is complete. After delivering the design for this project, I trained the content authors on the importance and use of language in the site going forward, to help them provide the best user experience.
Most important, I learned to never overlook the language in existing content again.

What unexpected challenges have you found with usability or design when adapting for mobile? Let me know by connecting with me on Twitter.
Matt Bearup, in addition to being a consultant at eBlueprint Pty. Ltd. AU, is proud to be an IBM Redbooks Thought Leader. Matt Bearup is an IBM Redbooks Thought Leader